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\",\"path\":null,\"side\":null,\"line\":null}{\"type\":\"pull_request_comment\",\"body\":\"## [Codecov](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=h1&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) Report\\n:x: Patch coverage is `94.04309%` with `47 lines` in your changes missing coverage. Please review.\\n:white_check_mark: Project coverage is 90.35%. Comparing base ([`bf01091`](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/commit/bf0109195b78a3d08babee14ab2677263e67962c?dropdown=coverage&el=desc&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky)) to head ([`58937fe`](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/commit/58937feb6cbe5df20e9fcab954f1807b2bdc1a9a?dropdown=coverage&el=desc&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky)).\\n\\n| [Files with missing lines](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | Patch % | Lines |\\n|---|---|---|\\n| [include/pixie/huffman/pivco\\\\_huffman.h](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=include%2Fpixie%2Fhuffman%2Fpivco_huffman.h&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#diff-aW5jbHVkZS9waXhpZS9odWZmbWFuL3BpdmNvX2h1ZmZtYW4uaA==) | 91.74% | [21 Missing and 25 partials :warning: ](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) |\\n| [src/tests/pivco\\\\_huffman\\\\_tests.cpp](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=src%2Ftests%2Fpivco_huffman_tests.cpp&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#diff-c3JjL3Rlc3RzL3BpdmNvX2h1ZmZtYW5fdGVzdHMuY3Bw) | 99.55% | [0 Missing and 1 partial :warning: ](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) |\\n\\n

Additional details and impacted files

\\n\\n\\n\\n```diff\\n@@ Coverage Diff @@\\n## main #61 +/- ##\\n==========================================\\n+ Coverage 90.10% 90.35% +0.25% \\n==========================================\\n Files 39 43 +4 \\n Lines 8735 10010 +1275 \\n Branches 1418 1612 +194 \\n==========================================\\n+ Hits 7871 9045 +1174 \\n- Misses 447 511 +64 \\n- Partials 417 454 +37 \\n```\\n\\n| [Flag](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61/flags?src=pr&el=flags&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | Coverage Δ | |\\n|---|---|---|\\n| [gcov](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | `90.35% <94.04%> (+0.25%)` | :arrow_up: |\\n\\nFlags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. [Click here](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/carryforward-flags?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#carryforward-flags-in-the-pull-request-comment) to find out more.\\n

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\",\"path\":null,\"side\":null,\"line\":null}","text_elements",[],{"_482":1161,"_461":462,"_484":468},{"_485":1162,"_487":-5,"_42":-5,"_489":1163,"_491":-5,"_96":343,"_92":493},[1164],{"_494":468},{"_46":1157,"_92":536},{"_482":1166,"_461":462,"_484":468},{"_485":1167,"_487":-5,"_42":-5,"_489":1168,"_491":-5,"_96":343,"_92":493},[1169,1170],{"_494":468},{"_46":1172,"_92":536},{"_46":1171,"_92":536},"\n /workspace/pixie\n bash\n 2026-07-30\n Etc/UTC\n /workspace/pixie\n","# AGENTS.md instructions for /workspace/pixie\n\n\n# AGENTS.md - AI Coding Assistant Guidelines for Pixie\n\n## Project Overview\n\nPixie is a **header-only succinct data structures library** written in C++20.\nIt targets practical performance for data sizes up to `2^64` bits while keeping\nspace usage close to the theoretical minimum.\n\nCurrent library families are:\n\n- rank/select support over packed bit sequences;\n- range min-max (RmM) indexes;\n- static range-minimum-query (RMQ) indexes;\n- rooted-tree encodings (LOUDS, balanced parentheses, and DFUDS);\n- aligned owning storage, read-only storage views, and mapped-file resources;\n- storage-backed wavelet-tree indexes.\n\nPlanned additions include FM-indexes, compressed suffix arrays, and other\nsuccinct data structures.\n\n## Shared Agentic Guidance\n\n`agentic/cpp` is the canonical source of reusable C++ agent guidance, skills,\nand commands. Read `agentic/cpp/AGENTS.md` for shared workflow and skill policy\nbefore relying on a shared skill or command. Do not duplicate that procedural\nguidance in Pixie-specific instructions.\n\nPixie-specific examples and additions live in `agentic/local/cpp`:\n\n- `agentic/local/cpp/skills//EXAMPLES.md` supplies local examples for a\n matching shared skill.\n- `agentic/local/cpp/commands/` supplies Pixie-specific command notes.\n\nWhen a task matches a skill, read the shared skill first and then its local\nexample, if present:\n\n1. `agentic/cpp/skills//SKILL.md`\n2. `agentic/local/cpp/skills//EXAMPLES.md`\n\nUse the shared skill or command as the canonical workflow. The local overlay\nadds Pixie context; it does not replace the shared guidance.\n\n## Architecture\n\n### Project Layout Conventions\n\n- **`include/pixie/`**: Header-only public API and implementations.\n- **`include/pixie/.h`**: Lightweight CRTP contract for one library\n family, such as `rank_select.h`, `rmq.h`, or `storage.h`.\n- **`include/pixie//`**: Concrete implementations for that family.\n- **`include/pixie//implementations.h`**: Catalog and umbrella include\n for the family's concrete implementations. It is the single family-level\n include for tests and benchmarks; a concrete implementation must not include\n its own catalog.\n- **`include/pixie/experimental/`**: Isolated experimental primitives and\n implementations. Do not promote an experiment without tests and a registered\n benchmark where performance is relevant.\n- **`include/pixie/io/`**: Resource-owning I/O helpers, such as `MappedFile`.\n- **`include/references/`**: Naive reference implementations used for\n differential testing.\n- **`src/tests/`**: Google Test suites. Family tests are consolidated into\n shared specification suites rather than one executable per implementation.\n- **`src/benchmarks/`**: Google Benchmark harnesses and common benchmark\n helpers.\n- **`src/docs/`**: Doxygen configuration and generated-documentation inputs.\n- **`academic/`**: Durable scholarly and technical documentation: papers,\n presentations, reports, research and lecture notes, shared figures, and the\n canonical BibTeX bibliography. Follow `academic/AGENTS.md` within that tree.\n\n### Family Interface Pattern\n\nPublic data-structure families use CRTP contracts. The current contracts are\n`RankSelectBase`, `RmMBase`, `pixie::rmq::RmqBase`, `TreeBase`, `StorageBase`,\nand `WaveletTreeBase`.\n\n1. Define or extend the public contract in `include/pixie/.h`.\n Public facade methods delegate to a clearly named `*_impl()` method on the\n concrete type.\n2. Make each concrete implementation inherit its family contract and implement\n the required `*_impl()` methods. Do not add virtual dispatch for this API.\n3. Add the concrete header to the corresponding `implementations.h` catalog.\n The catalog includes the contract and concrete headers, not the reverse.\n4. Include the catalog in the family test and benchmark harness, then put every\n compatible implementation through the same typed specification suite.\n\nThe contract is the source of truth for observable semantics. Every public\nfacade operation and every extension-point requirement needs Doxygen\ndocumentation that states its range convention, rank base, ties, sentinel\nvalue, ownership/lifetime constraint, and invalid-input behavior where\napplicable. There are no virtual public interfaces: document the CRTP facade\nand its `*_impl()` contract instead of duplicating undocumented behavior in\neach implementation.\n\n### Key Design Decisions\n\n1. **Header-only library**: implementations live under `include/`; there are\n no Pixie `.cpp` library sources.\n2. **Non-owning indexes**: indexes use external immutable data where\n appropriate, commonly `std::span`. The caller keeps\n that data alive and stable for the index lifetime.\n3. **SIMD conditional compilation**: use `PIXIE_AVX512_SUPPORT` and\n `PIXIE_AVX2_SUPPORT` guards with a scalar fallback.\n4. **Target domain**: optimize for bit sequences and indexes up to `2^64`\n bits.\n5. **Platform**: Linux/Unix is the current target platform. `MappedFile`\n requires POSIX `mmap`; there is no Windows implementation yet.\n6. **Range conventions**: rank/select, RMQ, wavelet-tree, public tests, and\n benchmarks normally use zero-based half-open ranges `[left, right)`. Do not\n generalize this to every low-level primitive: RmM relative-excess range\n queries explicitly use their documented inclusive bit range. State the\n convention at every public boundary.\n7. **Storage ownership**: keep mutable owners, read-only non-owning views, and\n OS-backed resource owners as separate types. Storage subranges are\n byte-oriented. A view never extends its backing owner's lifetime and can be\n invalidated by owner resize or destruction.\n8. **Optional adapters**: third-party implementations stay behind their build\n option and must not become a library runtime dependency.\n\n### Why Header-Only?\n\nPixie is header-only by design. Similar libraries, including sdsl-lite, have\nmade the same trade-off.\n\n| Benefit | Explanation |\n| --- | --- |\n| SIMD flexibility | Users compile with their target `-march` flags and enable the best available code path. |\n| Better inlining | The compiler sees hot rank/select and navigation code. |\n| No ABI issues | The library works across compiler and standard-library versions. |\n| Easy integration | Consumers include headers and do not link a Pixie binary. |\n| Template-friendly | Templates need no explicit instantiations. |\n\nReconsider a compiled component only for substantial construction algorithms,\nlarge static tables that should not be duplicated, global runtime state, or an\nunavoidable external C library dependency.\n\n## Technology Stack\n\n- **Language**: C++20 (`std::span`, `std::popcount`, and `` are required).\n- **Build**: CMake 3.18 or newer.\n- **Testing**: Google Test 1.17.0, registered with CTest.\n- **Benchmarking**: Google Benchmark 1.9.4.\n- **SIMD**: AVX-512 when available, AVX2 fallback, and scalar fallback.\n- **Style**: Chromium C++ style (`.clang-format`).\n\n### Dependencies\n\nPixie has no runtime or default third-party dependency. CMake fetches build-time\ndependencies only as needed. Direct CMake defaults and their effects are:\n\n| Option | Default | Effect |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| `PIXIE_TESTS` | `ON` standalone, `OFF` downstream | Builds tests and fetches Google Test. |\n| `PIXIE_BENCHMARKS` | `OFF` | Builds native Google Benchmark targets. |\n| `PIXIE_THIRD_PARTY_BACKENDS` | `OFF` | Enables optional SDSL adapters and their comparison targets. |\n| `PIXIE_DIAGNOSTICS` | `OFF` | Enables diagnostic logging for profiling experiments. |\n| `PIXIE_DOCS` | `OFF` | Enables the Doxygen `docs` target. |\n| `PIXIE_COVERAGE` | `OFF` | Adds GCC coverage instrumentation. |\n\n`MappedFile` uses native POSIX memory mapping on Linux/Unix. A default\nFetchContent consumer therefore receives no third-party dependency, while a\nstandalone default build fetches Google Test. Enabling third-party backends also\nfetches SDSL and pasta-toolbox dependencies, but only SDSL currently has a\nregistered Pixie adapter/comparison benchmark. Do not describe pasta-toolbox as\nan available backend until Pixie adds and registers one.\n\n## Build and Test Presets\n\nUse CMake presets for supported builds. They keep build directories isolated\nunder `build/` and export `compile_commands.json`.\n\n| Preset | Purpose |\n| --- | --- |\n| `debug` | Debug tests. |\n| `release` | Optimized tests. |\n| `asan` | Debug tests with AddressSanitizer and AVX-512 disabled. |\n| `coverage` | Debug tests with GCC coverage instrumentation. |\n| `benchmarks` | Native Pixie benchmarks. |\n| `benchmark-all-backends` | Native benchmarks plus every currently registered optional backend target. |\n| `benchmarks-profile` | RelWithDebInfo benchmarks with diagnostics and libpfm support. |\n| `docs` | Doxygen documentation only. |\n\n```bash\n# Standard optimized test build.\ncmake --preset release\ncmake --build --preset release\nctest --preset release\n\n# Native benchmark build.\ncmake --preset benchmarks\ncmake --build --preset benchmarks\n\n# Comparison benchmarks, including the optional SDSL targets.\ncmake --preset benchmark-all-backends\ncmake --build --preset benchmark-all-backends\n\n# Documentation.\ncmake --preset docs\ncmake --build --preset docs\n```\n\nFor an ad hoc configuration, use a distinct build directory and pass explicit\noptions. Do not overwrite a supported preset build merely to test an unrelated\nconfiguration.\n\n```bash\ncmake -S . -B build/local-avx2 -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \\\n -DPIXIE_TESTS=ON -DDISABLE_AVX512=ON\ncmake --build build/local-avx2 -j\nctest --test-dir build/local-avx2 --output-on-failure\n```\n\n## Testing\n\nCTest is the canonical test entry point. Google Test discovery uses\n`DISCOVERY_MODE PRE_TEST`, so CTest discovers and runs each test binary.\n\n```bash\nctest --preset debug\nctest --preset release\nctest --preset asan\nctest --preset coverage\n\n# Run only a registered test-target label.\nctest --preset release -L rank_select_tests\n```\n\nThe registered test executables are `bit_algorithms_unittests`,\n`rank_select_unittests`, `rank_select_tests`, `benchmark_tests`, `test_rmm`,\n`tree_tests`, `wavelet_tree_tests`, `storage_tests`,\n`excess_positions_tests`, `excess_record_lows_tests`, and `rmq_tests`. Run an\nexecutable directly only when debugging a focused Google Test filter.\n\n### Test Configuration via Environment Variables\n\n- `EXCESS_POS_CASES`: randomized cases in `excess_positions_tests` (default\n `1000`).\n- `EXCESS_POS_SEED`: random seed in `excess_positions_tests` (default `42`).\n- `RECORD_LOWS_CASES`: randomized cases in `excess_record_lows_tests` (default\n `10000`).\n- `RECORD_LOWS_SEED`: random seed in `excess_record_lows_tests` (default `42`).\n\n### Testing Patterns\n\n- **Shared specifications**: add every conforming concrete implementation to\n the family `TYPED_TEST` suite. A new implementation is not complete until it\n passes the same public contract as its peers.\n- **Differential testing**: compare behavior with an appropriate naive type in\n `include/references/`.\n- **Randomized testing**: use deterministic seeds and expose a seed only when\n it helps reproduce a failure.\n- **Exhaustive short inputs**: enumerate small bit patterns and tree shapes\n when feasible.\n- **Shape-forcing tests**: for RMQ and RmM, favor deterministic traversal-path\n cases over more undirected random input. Cover border correction, same-leaf\n paths, prefix/suffix selectors, sparse-overlay hit/miss paths, partial final\n blocks, and first-minimum ties.\n- **Storage tests**: test owners and views through the same specification,\n including nested byte subranges, alignment constraints, serialization, and\n owner/view lifetime rules.\n\n### Coverage and Codecov\n\nUse the repository script for local coverage:\n\n```bash\n./scripts/coverage_report.sh\n```\n\nThe script configures and builds the `coverage` preset, deletes stale\n`.gcda`/`.gcov` files, runs `ctest --preset coverage`, and writes\n`build/coverage/coverage.txt`.\n\n- The report uses `gcov -pb`, so Codecov receives branch probabilities as well\n as line hits. A Codecov partial line executed but did not take every branch.\n- Do not compare Codecov's branch-aware percentage with a line-only local\n summary.\n- After recompiling instrumented code, stale `.gcda` files can cause an\n `overwriting an existing profile data with a different checksum` warning.\n Run the script before trusting the report.\n- Header-only templates can appear in multiple gcov translation units. For a\n header such as `rmm/btree.h`, inspect its `.gcov` output or the Codecov\n aggregate instead of trusting the first block in `coverage.txt`.\n- Prioritize public behavior paths over unreachable defensive or allocator\n failure paths.\n\n## Code Style and Documentation\n\n1. Run `clang-format` before committing; use the repository's Chromium style.\n2. Put library code in the `pixie` namespace; RMQ contracts and implementations\n use `pixie::rmq`.\n3. Use Doxygen comments for every public API. Base/contract headers must fully\n document each public facade operation and its implementation requirement.\n4. Use `constexpr` for compile-time values.\n5. Be aware of alignment. Prefer the 64-byte-aligned storage facilities where\n a hot data structure benefits from cache-line alignment rather than adding\n ad hoc aligned allocation code.\n6. Keep public contracts lightweight. Do not include a family catalog from a\n concrete header, and do not add compatibility forwarding headers unless the\n user explicitly requests a compatibility layer.\n\n## CI/CD Workflows\n\n- **`build-test.yml`**: runs the AddressSanitizer fallback configuration\n through its presets.\n- **`linter.yml`**: checks formatting for C/C++ sources.\n- **`benchmarks-test.yml`**: runs benchmark checks.\n- **`doxygen.yml`**: configures and builds the `docs` preset, then publishes\n `build/docs/docs/html`.\n\n## Common Tasks for AI Agents\n\n### Adding a Concrete Implementation\n\n1. Select the existing family contract. Add an operation to that contract only\n when every implementation should expose it; document the semantics there.\n2. Add the concrete header under `include/pixie//`, inherit the CRTP\n base, and implement the required `*_impl()` methods.\n3. Add it to `/implementations.h`; guard optional third-party adapters\n with the established build macro.\n4. Add it to the existing shared family specification suite and compare it with\n a reference implementation where possible. Create a separate test target\n only for a genuinely new family.\n5. Add comparable rows to the established family benchmark harness. Create a\n new benchmark target only for a genuinely new family.\n6. Update `CMakeLists.txt` registration only when adding a new test or\n benchmark target, then run formatting and the relevant preset tests.\n\n### Modifying SIMD Code\n\n1. Keep an AVX-512 implementation, AVX2 implementation where useful, and a\n scalar fallback behind the existing feature guards.\n2. Include `` only in translation units or headers that use SIMD\n intrinsics; do not make it a generic benchmark dependency.\n3. Validate the fallback with the `asan` preset or an isolated\n `DISABLE_AVX512=ON` build.\n4. Build the relevant benchmark preset before claiming a performance result.\n Use `benchmarks-profile` for hardware counters when supported by the host.\n\n### Adding Tests\n\n1. Test the public CRTP facade, not private helper implementation details.\n2. Add a new implementation to the shared typed specification suite.\n3. Add reference, boundary, random, and shape-forcing cases proportional to\n the changed behavior.\n4. Use CTest preset runs for final validation.\n\n## Performance Philosophy\n\n- **Target domain**: data sizes up to `2^64` bits with corresponding queries.\n- **Goal**: best practical performance across the target domain, not only\n asymptotic complexity.\n- **Approach**: benchmark-driven optimization using Google Benchmark.\n- **SIMD**: use vectorized operations only when benchmarked behavior justifies\n their complexity.\n- **Cache efficiency**: respect 64-byte cache-line alignment for hot storage.\n\n### Benchmark Result Retention\n\n- Do not commit raw benchmark result files or ad hoc result tables for stable\n implementations.\n- A user-requested current snapshot may live in the relevant implementation\n catalog header. Keep it rounded and reproducible, and visually align every\n Markdown table column in source, including headers, separators, and numeric\n values.\n- Do not retain local JSON, failed probes, or before/after experiment history.\n- Persist results for an experimental implementation only when that\n implementation is in the experimental area and has a registered benchmark.\n\n## Academic Materials and References\n\n`academic/` is Pixie's durable research and technical documentation area. Put\nnew papers, presentations, reports, research or lecture notes, figures, and\nscholarly references there rather than scattering them across implementation\nguidance or temporary root-level notes. Its canonical bibliography is\n`academic/bibliography/references.bib`.\n\nAcademic material currently renders as independent Quarto documents. It is a\npotential first-class part of Pixie's public documentation, but is not an input\nto the CMake/Doxygen `docs` target today. Do not couple an academic document to\nthat pipeline incidentally; propose a dedicated publication and navigation\nchange when integrating it into the public documentation site.\n\n",{"_482":1174,"_461":462,"_484":468},{"_485":1175,"_487":-5,"_42":-5,"_489":1176,"_491":-5,"_96":1177,"_92":493},[1178],{"_494":468},"developer",{"_46":1179,"_92":536},"Do not spawn sub-agents unless the user or applicable AGENTS.md/skill instructions explicitly ask for sub-agents, delegation, or parallel agent work.",{"_482":1181,"_461":462,"_484":468},{"_485":1182,"_487":-5,"_42":-5,"_489":1183,"_491":-5,"_96":1177,"_92":493},[1184],{"_494":468},{"_46":1185,"_92":536},"You are `/root`, the primary agent in a team of agents collaborating to fulfill the user's goals.\n\nAt the start of your turn, you are the active agent.\nYou can spawn sub-agents to handle subtasks, and those sub-agents can spawn their own sub-agents.\nAll agents in the team, including the agents that you can assign tasks to, are equally intelligent and capable, and have access to the same set of tools.\n\nYou can use `spawn_agent` to create a new agent, `followup_task` to give an existing agent a new task and trigger a turn, and `send_message` to pass a message to a running agent without triggering a turn.\nChild agents can also spawn their own sub-agents.\nYou can decide how much context you want to propagate to your sub-agents with the `fork_turns` parameter.\n\nYou will receive messages in the analysis channel in the form:\n```\nMessage Type: MESSAGE | FINAL_ANSWER\nTask name: \nSender: \nPayload:\n\n```\nThey may be addressed as to=/root\n\nNote that collaboration tools cannot be called from inside `functions.exec`. Call `spawn_agent`, `send_message`, `followup_task`, `wait_agent`, `interrupt_agent`, and `list_agents` only as direct tool calls using the recipient shown in their tool definitions, such as `to=functions.collaboration.spawn_agent`, since they are intentionally absent from the `functions.exec` `tools.*` namespace. Available tools in `functions.exec` are explicitly described with a `tools` namespace in the developer message.\n\nAll agents share the same directory. In detail:\n- All agents have access to the same container and filesystem as you.\n- All agents use the same current working directory.\n- As a result, edits made by one agent are immediately visible to all other agents.\n\nThere are 4 available concurrency slots, meaning that up to 4 agents can be active at once, including you.",{"_482":1187,"_461":462,"_484":468},{"_485":1188,"_487":-5,"_42":-5,"_489":1189,"_491":-5,"_96":1177,"_92":493},[1190,1191],{"_494":468},{"_46":1193,"_92":536},{"_46":1192,"_92":536},"\n## Skills\nA skill is a set of instructions provided through a `SKILL.md` source. Below is the list of skills that can be used. Each entry includes a name, description, and source locator. `file` locators are on the host filesystem, `environment resource` locators are owned by an execution environment, `orchestrator resource` locators are opaque non-filesystem resources, and `custom resource` locators use their provider's access mechanism.\n### Available skills\n- imagegen: Generate or edit raster images when the task benefits from AI-created bitmap visuals such as photos, illustrations, textures, sprites, mockups, or transparent-background cutouts. Use when Codex should create a brand-new image, transform an existing image, or derive visual variants from references, and the output should be a bitmap asset rather than repo-native code or vector. Do not use when the task is better handled by editing existing SVG/vector/code-native assets, extending an established icon or logo system, or building the visual directly in HTML/CSS/canvas. (file: /opt/codex/skills/.system/imagegen/SKILL.md)\n- openai-docs: Use when the user asks how to build with OpenAI products or APIs, asks about Codex itself or choosing Codex surfaces, needs up-to-date official documentation with citations, help choosing the latest model for a use case, or model upgrade and prompt-upgrade guidance; use OpenAI docs MCP tools for non-Codex docs questions, use the Codex manual helper first for broad Codex self-knowledge, and restrict fallback browsing to official OpenAI domains. (file: /opt/codex/skills/.system/openai-docs/SKILL.md)\n- plugin-creator: Create and scaffold plugin directories for Codex with a required `.codex-plugin/plugin.json`, optional plugin folders/files, valid manifest defaults, and personal-marketplace entries by default. Use when Codex needs to create a new personal plugin, add optional plugin structure, generate or update marketplace entries for plugin ordering and availability metadata, or update an existing local plugin during development with the CLI-driven cachebuster and reinstall flow. (file: /opt/codex/skills/.system/plugin-creator/SKILL.md)\n- skill-creator: Guide for creating effective skills. This skill should be used when users want to create a new skill (or update an existing skill) that extends Codex's capabilities with specialized knowledge, workflows, or tool integrations. (file: /opt/codex/skills/.system/skill-creator/SKILL.md)\n- skill-installer: Install Codex skills into $CODEX_HOME/skills from a curated list or a GitHub repo path. Use when a user asks to list installable skills, install a curated skill, or install a skill from another repo (including private repos). (file: /opt/codex/skills/.system/skill-installer/SKILL.md)\n","\nFilesystem sandboxing defines which files can be read or written. `sandbox_mode` is `danger-full-access`: No filesystem sandboxing - all commands are permitted. Network access is enabled.\nApproval policy is currently never. Do not provide the `sandbox_permissions` for any reason, commands will be rejected.\n","turn/started",{"_461":462,"_87":1196},{"_103":-5,"_42":468,"_469":1197,"_471":472,"_473":474,"_475":1198},[],"inProgress",{"_475":1200,"_461":462},{"_1201":1202,"_92":1203},"activeFlags",[],"active","thread/started",{"_1206":1207},"thread",{"_1208":-5,"_1209":-5,"_1210":1211,"_1212":474,"_546":547,"_1213":15,"_1214":-5,"_1215":-5,"_1216":-5,"_1217":1218,"_42":462,"_1219":1220,"_200":-5,"_1221":-5,"_170":1222,"_1223":255,"_1224":474,"_1225":462,"_552":1226,"_475":1227,"_1228":-5,"_77":1229,"_1230":474},"agentNickname","agentRole","cliVersion","0.144.0-alpha.4","createdAt","ephemeral","extra","forkedFromId","gitInfo","historyMode","legacy","modelProvider","openai","parentThreadId","/opt/codex/sessions/2026/07/30/rollout-2026-07-30T13-16-14-019fb32b-1a39-7910-b492-1a2b3fe80ee8.jsonl","preview","recencyAt","sessionId","vscode",{"_92":479},"threadSource",[],"updatedAt",[],"messages",[1234],{"_42":1235,"_1236":1237,"_1238":1239,"_1240":1239,"_485":1241,"_475":1242,"_487":-5,"_1243":32,"_1244":1245,"_1246":318,"_1247":-5},"ba33828f-1cbb-4a38-a1bd-15884daeeab2","author",{"_96":343,"_200":-5,"_1244":1256},"create_time",1785417372.928462,"update_time",{"_1252":46,"_1253":1254},"finished_successfully","weight","metadata",{"_1248":1249},"recipient","channel","l1239dk1",{"_1250":1251},"inline_comments",[],"content_type","parts",[1255],"@codex please run Huffman benchmarks and summarize throughput\nPivCoHuffman implementation\n\n\n**_{_{![P2 Badge](https://img.shields.io/badge/P2-yellow?style=flat)}} Validate compressed input before reading**\n\nWhen callers load a truncated or corrupt persisted stream through the public `std::span` constructor, this helper unconditionally copies `sizeof(T)` bytes from `data.data() + pos` without checking that the bytes exist; a 1-byte span already reads past the buffer in the first header read, and later node/bitmap reads have the same issue. The deserializer should reject malformed streams before copying or indexing into decoded nodes rather than relying on the input being perfectly formed.\n\nUseful? React with 👍 / 👎.\n\n### 💡 Codex Review\n\nHere are some automated review suggestions for this pull request.\n\n**Reviewed commit:** `9f80561440`\n \n\n

ℹ️ About Codex in GitHub

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\n\n[Your team has set up Codex to review pull requests in this repo](https://chatgpt.com/codex/cloud/settings/general). Reviews are triggered when you\n- Open a pull request for review\n- Mark a draft as ready\n- Comment \"@codex review\".\n\nIf Codex has suggestions, it will comment; otherwise it will react with 👍.\n\n\n\n\nCodex can also answer questions or update the PR. Try commenting \"@codex address that feedback\".\n \n

\n## [Codecov](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=h1&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) Report\n:x: Patch coverage is `94.04309%` with `47 lines` in your changes missing coverage. Please review.\n:white_check_mark: Project coverage is 90.35%. Comparing base ([`bf01091`](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/commit/bf0109195b78a3d08babee14ab2677263e67962c?dropdown=coverage&el=desc&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky)) to head ([`58937fe`](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/commit/58937feb6cbe5df20e9fcab954f1807b2bdc1a9a?dropdown=coverage&el=desc&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky)).\n\n| [Files with missing lines](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | Patch % | Lines |\n|---|---|---|\n| [include/pixie/huffman/pivco\\_huffman.h](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=include%2Fpixie%2Fhuffman%2Fpivco_huffman.h&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#diff-aW5jbHVkZS9waXhpZS9odWZmbWFuL3BpdmNvX2h1ZmZtYW4uaA==) | 91.74% | [21 Missing and 25 partials :warning: ](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) |\n| [src/tests/pivco\\_huffman\\_tests.cpp](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=src%2Ftests%2Fpivco_huffman_tests.cpp&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#diff-c3JjL3Rlc3RzL3BpdmNvX2h1ZmZtYW5fdGVzdHMuY3Bw) | 99.55% | [0 Missing and 1 partial :warning: ](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) |\n\n

Additional details and impacted files

\n\n\n\n```diff\n@@ Coverage Diff @@\n## main #61 +/- ##\n==========================================\n+ Coverage 90.10% 90.35% +0.25% \n==========================================\n Files 39 43 +4 \n Lines 8735 10010 +1275 \n Branches 1418 1612 +194 \n==========================================\n+ Hits 7871 9045 +1174 \n- Misses 447 511 +64 \n- Partials 417 454 +37 \n```\n\n| [Flag](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61/flags?src=pr&el=flags&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | Coverage Δ | |\n|---|---|---|\n| [gcov](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61/flags?src=pr&el=flag&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | `90.35% <94.04%> (+0.25%)` | :arrow_up: |\n\nFlags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. [Click here](https://docs.codecov.io/docs/carryforward-flags?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#carryforward-flags-in-the-pull-request-comment) to find out more.\n

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",{},"created",1785417620.7449164,"Completing the task","event_type","info",{"_92":493,"_96":93,"_485":1431},{"_92":1264,"_1265":1266},"partial_repo_snapshot","files",[1267],{"_170":1268,"_1269":-5,"_1270":1271,"_1272":-5},"src/benchmarks/pivco_huffman_benchmarks.cpp","contents","line_range_contents",[1273],"missing_reason",{"_1274":352,"_1275":1276,"_485":1277,"_1278":59},"line_range_start","line_range_end",222,[1279,1280,255,1281,1282,1283,1284,255,1285,255,1286,1287,1288,1289,1290,1291,1292,1289,1293,1294,1286,255,1295,255,1296,1297,1298,1299,1300,1301,1302,1303,1304,1305,255,1306,1307,1308,255,1309,255,1310,1311,1312,1313,1314,1303,1315,1305,255,1316,1317,1312,1313,1318,1303,1315,1305,255,1319,1320,1321,1312,1313,1322,1303,1315,1305,255,1323,1324,1325,1326,1327,1328,1329,1330,1312,1313,1331,1303,1315,1305,255,1332,1333,1334,1312,1335,1336,1337,1338,1313,1339,1340,1341,1342,1343,1344,1345,1346,1347,1302,1303,1315,1305,255,1348,1349,1350,1351,1352,1313,1353,1354,1302,1303,1315,1305,255,1355,1356,1321,1357,1358,1305,255,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363,1364,1305,255,1365,1366,1367,1368,1369,1370,1371,255,1372,255,1373,1374,1375,1376,1377,1378,1379,1380,255,1381,1382,1383,1384,1385,1386,1303,1387,1388,1303,1389,1305,255,1390,1391,1392,1378,1379,1380,255,1393,1394,255,1382,1395,1396,1386,1303,1389,1305,255,1397,255,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403,1404,1405,1406,1407,1408,255,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,255,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424,1425,1426,1427,1428,1429,1430],"contains_end_of_file","#include ","#include ","#include ","#include ","#include ","#include ","using pixie::PivCoHuffman;","// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------","// Configuration:","// PIVCO_BENCH_SEED - random seed (default 42)","//","// Input sizes are swept by Google Benchmark's range mechanism, not an env","// var: 1 KiB -> 1 MiB -> 1 GiB (multiplier 1024). This exercises the codec","// from cache-resident to gigabyte scale in a single run.","// To run a subset of datasets or sizes, use Google Benchmark's filter flag,","// e.g. `--benchmark_filter=\"BM_Encode/Uniform256\"`.","namespace {","/// @brief RNG seed, overridable via `PIVCO_BENCH_SEED`.","std::uint64_t bench_seed() {"," if (const char* env = std::getenv(\"PIVCO_BENCH_SEED\")) {"," try {"," return std::stoull(env);"," } catch (...) {"," }"," }"," return 42;","}","/// @brief Signature of a dataset generator: produces @p n bytes from @p rng.","using DatasetMaker = std::vector (*)(std::size_t,"," std::mt19937_64&);","// --- built-in datasets -----------------------------------------------------","/// @brief Uniformly distributed bytes over the full 256-symbol alphabet.","std::vector make_uniform256(std::size_t n, std::mt19937_64& rng) {"," std::vector data(n);"," for (auto& b : data) {"," b = static_cast(rng());"," return data;","/// @brief Binary alphabet {0, 1}: shortest possible codes (depth 1).","std::vector make_binary(std::size_t n, std::mt19937_64& rng) {"," b = static_cast(rng() & 1u);","/// @brief Four-symbol alphabet {0,1,2,3}: code depth 2.","std::vector make_low_entropy_4(std::size_t n,"," std::mt19937_64& rng) {"," b = static_cast(rng() & 3u);","/// @brief Uniform distribution over a power-of-two alphabet.","/// @details Depths 3--7 exercise every flat width between the four-symbol and","/// full-byte datasets.","template ","std::vector make_uniform_pow2(std::size_t n,"," std::mt19937_64& rng) {"," static_assert(kDepth >= 3 && kDepth <= 7);"," constexpr std::uint8_t kMask = (std::uint8_t{1} << kDepth) - 1;"," b = static_cast(rng()) & kMask;","/// @brief English-text-like distribution: ~17% space, ~80% lowercase letters,","/// ~2% digits, ~1% punctuation.","std::vector make_text_like(std::size_t n, std::mt19937_64& rng) {"," std::uniform_int_distribution pick(0, 99);"," std::uniform_int_distribution letter('a', 'z');"," std::uniform_int_distribution digit('0', '9');"," std::uniform_int_distribution punct('!', '/');"," const int r = pick(rng);"," if (r < 17) {"," b = ' ';"," } else if (r < 97) {"," b = static_cast(letter(rng));"," } else if (r < 99) {"," b = static_cast(digit(rng));"," } else {"," b = static_cast(punct(rng));","/// @brief Highly skewed: 99% one symbol, 1% random over 256. Exercises a deep,","/// lopsided Huffman tree.","std::vector make_skewed99(std::size_t n, std::mt19937_64& rng) {"," std::vector data(n, 0);"," std::uniform_int_distribution coin(0, 99);"," if (coin(rng) < 1) {"," b = static_cast(rng());","/// @brief Degenerate single-symbol input (root is a leaf): best-case path.","std::vector make_single_symbol(std::size_t n,"," (void)rng;"," return std::vector(n, 123);","/// @brief Compression efficiency in bits per input byte (8 = no compression).","void report_ratio(benchmark::State& state,"," std::size_t compressed_bytes,"," std::size_t input_bytes) {"," state.counters[\"bpb\"] = static_cast(compressed_bytes) * 8.0 /"," static_cast(input_bytes);","/// @brief Common range of input sizes: 1 KiB, 1 MiB, 1 GiB.","/// @details Applied to every registered benchmark. The 1 GiB tier exercises","/// gigabyte-scale inputs; at that size Google Benchmark runs a single","/// iteration per case.","constexpr std::int64_t kSizeLo = 1ull << 10; // 1 KiB","constexpr std::int64_t kSizeHi = 1ull << 30; // 1 GiB","constexpr std::int64_t kSizeMult = 1024;","// --- benchmarks ------------------------------------------------------------","/// @brief Measure full encoding: build Huffman tree, fill node bitmaps, and","/// serialize the compressed stream. The compressed size is read from","/// the first timed iteration (no separate probe build), which keeps","/// gigabyte-scale setup cost to a single encode.","void BM_Encode(benchmark::State& state, DatasetMaker make) {"," const std::size_t size = static_cast(state.range(0));"," std::mt19937_64 rng(bench_seed());"," const std::vector data = make(size, rng);"," std::size_t compressed = 0;"," for (auto _ : state) {"," PivCoHuffman codec(data);"," compressed = codec.compressed_size();"," benchmark::DoNotOptimize(codec.compressed_data().data());"," benchmark::ClobberMemory();"," if (compressed > 0) {"," report_ratio(state, compressed, size);"," state.SetBytesProcessed(static_cast(state.iterations() * size));","/// @brief Measure decoding: reconstruct the original byte stream from the","/// in-memory tree. Encoding is done once, outside the timed loop.","void BM_Decode(benchmark::State& state, DatasetMaker make) {"," const PivCoHuffman codec(data);"," report_ratio(state, codec.compressed_size(), size);"," std::vector out = codec.decode();"," benchmark::DoNotOptimize(out.data());","} // namespace","// Register encode + decode for every built-in dataset, each swept over the","// full size range. Each registration is named `BM_//`, so","// `--benchmark_filter` selects subsets freely.","#define PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Op, Dataset, Maker) \\"," BENCHMARK_CAPTURE(BM_##Op, Dataset, Maker) \\"," ->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond) \\"," ->UseRealTime() \\"," ->Repetitions(5) \\"," ->ReportAggregatesOnly(true) \\"," ->RangeMultiplier(kSizeMult) \\"," ->Range(kSizeLo, kSizeHi);","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Uniform256, make_uniform256)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Binary, make_binary)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, LowEntropy4, make_low_entropy_4)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Uniform8, make_uniform_pow2<3>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Uniform16, make_uniform_pow2<4>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Uniform32, make_uniform_pow2<5>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Uniform64, make_uniform_pow2<6>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Uniform128, make_uniform_pow2<7>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, TextLike, make_text_like)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, Skewed99, make_skewed99)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Encode, SingleSymbol, make_single_symbol)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Uniform256, make_uniform256)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Binary, make_binary)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, LowEntropy4, make_low_entropy_4)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Uniform8, make_uniform_pow2<3>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Uniform16, make_uniform_pow2<4>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Uniform32, make_uniform_pow2<5>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Uniform64, make_uniform_pow2<6>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Uniform128, make_uniform_pow2<7>)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, TextLike, make_text_like)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, Skewed99, make_skewed99)","PIXIE_PIVCO_REGISTER(Decode, SingleSymbol, make_single_symbol)",[1432,1433,1434,1435,1436,1437,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443],{"_1252":46,"_46":1462},{"_1252":1445,"_170":1268,"_1274":1460,"_1275":1461},{"_1252":46,"_46":1459},{"_1252":1445,"_170":1268,"_1274":1457,"_1275":1458},{"_1252":1445,"_170":1268,"_1274":1455,"_1275":1456},{"_1252":46,"_46":1454},{"_1252":1445,"_170":1268,"_1274":1452,"_1275":1453},{"_1252":46,"_46":1451},{"_1252":1445,"_170":1268,"_1274":1449,"_1275":1450},{"_1252":46,"_46":1448},{"_1252":1445,"_170":1268,"_1274":1446,"_1275":1447},{"_1252":46,"_46":1444},"\n\n### Environment\n\n- Intel Xeon Platinum 8370C virtualized host\n- 3 exposed logical CPUs\n- GCC 13.3\n- Release build with `-march=native`\n- AVX-512 enabled\n- Results are single-host snapshots and should not be interpreted as cross-machine performance guarantees.\n\n### Checks Performed\n\n- ✅ `cmake --preset benchmarks`\n- ✅ `cmake --build --preset benchmarks --target pivco_huffman_benchmarks pivco_huffman_file_benchmarks -j2`\n- ✅ `./build/benchmarks/pivco_huffman_benchmarks --benchmark_filter='/1048576/' --benchmark_out=/tmp/pivco-huffman-1mib.json --benchmark_out_format=json`\n- ✅ `python3 - <<'PY' ... PY` — extracted median throughput and compression ratios from the Google Benchmark JSON output.\n- ✅ `git status --short --branch` — working tree remained clean.\n\nNo repository files were changed, so no commit or follow-up pull request was created.","repo_file_citation",168,183," Decode measures reconstruction from an already-built in-memory codec; construction is outside the timed loop. ",146,165,"\n\n### Interpretation\n\n- **Encode throughput ranges from 107 MiB/s to 1.13 GiB/s.**\n - The fastest non-degenerate case is Binary at approximately **1.13 GiB/s**.\n - Uniform16, LowEntropy4, and Uniform8 also encode at roughly **0.95–1.03 GiB/s**.\n - Uniform256 and Uniform128 are the slowest encode cases, at **107 MiB/s** and **120 MiB/s**.\n - Text-like input reaches **241 MiB/s** while compressing to **4.80 bits per byte**.\n\n- **Decode throughput is highly dependent on alphabet shape.**\n - Binary reaches approximately **12.0 GiB/s**.\n - LowEntropy4 reaches **9.0 GiB/s**, while Uniform16 reaches **7.9 GiB/s**.\n - Uniform256 reaches **5.72 GiB/s**, despite its poor compression ratio.\n - Uniform8 and the 32–128-symbol cases form a much slower group at approximately **544–684 MiB/s**.\n - This sharp non-monotonic behavior suggests that different tree shapes or SIMD decode paths dominate performance rather than code depth alone.\n\n- **Skewed data performs well in both directions.**\n - Skewed99 encodes at **754 MiB/s**, decodes at **3.52 GiB/s**, and occupies **1.122 bpb**.\n\n- **SingleSymbol is a degenerate fast path.**\n - Its **18.6 GiB/s decode result** should not be treated as representative general-purpose Huffman throughput.\n - Its reported 0.002 bpb consists almost entirely of fixed serialization overhead because no routing bitmap is required.\n\nThe encode measurement includes Huffman-tree construction, bitmap population, and serialization. ",128,134,"\n\n### Results\n\n| Dataset | Encode | Decode | Compressed size |\n|---|---:|---:|---:|\n| Uniform256 | 107.0 MiB/s | 5,860.1 MiB/s | 8.003 bpb |\n| Binary | 1,161.0 MiB/s | 12,247.6 MiB/s | 1.003 bpb |\n| LowEntropy4 | 982.8 MiB/s | 9,210.6 MiB/s | 2.003 bpb |\n| Uniform8 | 971.5 MiB/s | 684.0 MiB/s | 3.003 bpb |\n| Uniform16 | 1,050.0 MiB/s | 8,083.2 MiB/s | 4.003 bpb |\n| Uniform32 | 920.4 MiB/s | 544.3 MiB/s | 5.003 bpb |\n| Uniform64 | 941.8 MiB/s | 569.4 MiB/s | 6.003 bpb |\n| Uniform128 | 119.6 MiB/s | 576.1 MiB/s | 7.003 bpb |\n| TextLike | 240.8 MiB/s | 589.4 MiB/s | 4.801 bpb |\n| Skewed99 | 754.4 MiB/s | 3,599.9 MiB/s | 1.122 bpb |\n| SingleSymbol | 1,087.8 MiB/s | 18,995.5 MiB/s | 0.002 bpb |\n\nThe `bpb` column is serialized compressed bits per input byte, including format overhead. ",191,198,25,34,"\n\nThe figures below are the **median real-time throughput across five repetitions**, using the benchmark’s default deterministic seed of 42. The harness explicitly uses real time, five repetitions, and aggregate-only reporting. ",136,142,"## Huffman Benchmark Summary\n\nI built the native benchmark targets and ran the complete set of **22 PivCo-Huffman encode/decode dataset variants at the 1 MiB input tier**. This tier was selected to provide stable throughput measurements without conflating the results with the cache-resident 1 KiB cases or the substantial memory pressure of the 1 GiB cases. The benchmark’s supported sweep is 1 KiB, 1 MiB, and 1 GiB. 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Please review.\n:white_check_mark: Project coverage is 90.35%. Comparing base ([`bf01091`](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/commit/bf0109195b78a3d08babee14ab2677263e67962c?dropdown=coverage&el=desc&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky)) to head ([`58937fe`](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/commit/58937feb6cbe5df20e9fcab954f1807b2bdc1a9a?dropdown=coverage&el=desc&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky)).\n\n| [Files with missing lines](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?dropdown=coverage&src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) | Patch % | Lines |\n|---|---|---|\n| [include/pixie/huffman/pivco\\_huffman.h](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=include%2Fpixie%2Fhuffman%2Fpivco_huffman.h&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#diff-aW5jbHVkZS9waXhpZS9odWZmbWFuL3BpdmNvX2h1ZmZtYW4uaA==) | 91.74% | [21 Missing and 25 partials :warning: ](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) |\n| [src/tests/pivco\\_huffman\\_tests.cpp](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&filepath=src%2Ftests%2Fpivco_huffman_tests.cpp&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky#diff-c3JjL3Rlc3RzL3BpdmNvX2h1ZmZtYW5fdGVzdHMuY3Bw) | 99.55% | [0 Missing and 1 partial :warning: ](https://app.codecov.io/gh/Malkovsky/pixie/pull/61?src=pr&el=tree&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=github&utm_content=comment&utm_campaign=pr+comments&utm_term=Nikolay+Malkovsky) |\n\n

Additional details and impacted files

:rocket: New features to boost your workflow:

","side","line","\n### 💡 Codex Review\n\nHere are some automated review suggestions for this pull request.\n\n**Reviewed commit:** `9f80561440`\n \n\n

ℹ️ About Codex in GitHub

","**_{_{![P2 Badge](https://img.shields.io/badge/P2-yellow?style=flat)}} Validate compressed input before reading**\n\nWhen callers load a truncated or corrupt persisted stream through the public `std::span` constructor, this helper unconditionally copies `sizeof(T)` bytes from `data.data() + pos` without checking that the bytes exist; a 1-byte span already reads past the buffer in the first header read, and later node/bitmap reads have the same issue. The deserializer should reject malformed streams before copying or indexing into decoded nodes rather than relying on the input being perfectly formed.\n\nUseful? 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